Ethereum recently celebrated it's 10th birthday 🎂
Here's a thread of everyone celebrating, iconic moments, and reliving the best stories from the past 10 years 🧵

4/ Joseph Lubin celebrates Ethereum's 10th birthday
6/ Lefteris Karapetsas relives launching Ethereum 10 years ago
It was this day 10 years ago, 30th of July 2015, that we changed the world forever.
We were a small team of hackers in an office in Kreuzberg in Berlin and we had just launched the @ethereum network.
The rest is history.
Looking back at the last 10 years, I am excited about the next 10 years, the next 25, the next 100.
What will the next generation do with our creation? What will you build on Ethereum?




7/ 0xbilly shows a pic from 1 year before Ethereum was born, from a Silicon Valley Ethereum meetup in July 2014
11/ Justin Drake unveils lean Ethereum as a vision and personal mission for the next 10 years
Yesterday Ethereum turned 10. Today, lean Ethereum is unveiled as a vision—and personal mission—for the next 10 years.
We stand at the dawn of a new era. Millions of TPS. Quantum adversaries. How does Ethereum marry extreme performance with uncompromising security and decentralization?
TLDR: next-generation cryptography is central to winning both offense and defense.
Disclaimer: This is a Drake take™ aimed at a broad audience. A technical deep dive into hash-based post-quantum signatures and SNARKs will follow. A healthy diversity of views across Protocol, the EF, and the broader Ethereum community is expected and welcome. It strengthens us.
defense—fort mode
Ethereum is special. 100% uptime since genesis. Unrivaled client diversity. $130B in economic security (35.7M ETH staked × $3.7K)—maybe soon $1T.
Ethereum is poised to become the bedrock of the internet of value, securing hundreds of trillions over decades, even centuries.
Ethereum must survive anything: nation states, quantum computers. Whatever comes. Call it fort mode. If the internet is up, Ethereum is up. If the world is online, the world is onchain.
offense—beast mode
Ethereum is hungry. “Scale L1, scale blobs” is a strategic urgency inside the EF’s Protocol cluster. Expect low-hanging performance gains over the next 6–12 months.
Longer term? Think gigagas L1, teragas L2. Call it beast mode.
→ 1 gigagas/sec on L1: 10K TPS, ambitious vertical scale
→ 1 teragas/sec on L2: 1M TPS, sprawling horizontal scale
Scale vs decentralization? Why not both. The moon math we need is now tamed:
→ real-time zkVMs for lean execution
→ data availability sampling (DAS) for lean data
A delicious cherry on top: full chain verification across every browser, wallet, phone.
lean upgrades
Lean Ethereum proposes bold upgrades across all three L1 sublayers:
→ lean consensus is beacon chain 2.0: hardened for ultimate security and decentralization, plus finality in seconds; formerly branded as “beam chain”
→ lean data is blobs 2.0: post-quantum blobs, plus granular blob sizing for a calldata-like developer experience
→ lean execution is EVM 2.0: a minimal, SNARK-friendly instruction set (possibly RISC-V; pronounced “risk five”), boosting performance while preserving EVM compatibility and its network effects
The consensus layer (CL), data layer (DL), execution layer (EL) have each been reimagined from first principles. Together, they unlock fort mode and beast mode.
The goal: performance abundance under the constraint of non-negotiable continuity, maximum hardness, and refreshing simplicity.
lean cryptography
Hash-based cryptography is emerging as the ideal foundation for lean Ethereum. It offers a compelling, unified answer to two megatrends reshaping the ecosystem:
→ the explosive rise of SNARKs
→ the looming quantum threat
Imagine the leanest cryptographic brick—the hash function—singlehandedly powering L1:
→ CL: hash-based aggregate signatures upgrade BLS signatures
→ DL: hash-based DAS commitments upgrade KZG commitments
→ EL: hash-based real-time zkVMs upgrade EVM re-execution
A cryptographic jewel in each of lean CL, lean DL, lean EL.
lean craft
Lean Ethereum is more than a blueprint for hardening and scaling Ethereum. More than just doubling down on security, decentralisation, and cutting-edge cryptography. It is an aesthetic. An art form. A craft. Think Jiro in Dreams of Sushi. When we can go the extra mile, we do.
Minimalism. Modularity. Encapsulated complexity. Formal verification. Provable security. Provable optimality. These are subtle yet important technical considerations. Stay tuned for the post on post-quantum cryptography that will make them explicit.
lean legacy
After 10 fantastic years, lean Ethereum is a generational oath. To keep Ethereum online no matter what. To scale it without compromise. To make it worthy of those who come next.
This is about legacy. We are builders, we are missionaries. We are Ethereum. I hope you join us.
12/ Christoph Jentzsch looks back at Ethereum's launch day 10 years ago
Launch day, 10 years ago.
This team (and some others not in the pic) built Ethereum.
The photo was taken on July 30th 2015 in Kreuzberg, Berlin.
Ethereum was launched, never to be stopped again.
A trust machine, a decentralized ledger, a transactional
singleton machine with shared-state, a platform for decentralized applications, a blockchain.
I will be forever grateful for this special time, building Ethereum.
Looking back, it has succeeded beyond our wildest dreams, but is still at the beginning of becoming the backbone of society.

15/ Ethrealize highlights what Ethereum has built and what’s next
🎂 Ethereum turns 10:
A decade ago, it launched with a bold idea: general-purpose smart contracts on a credibly neutral, permissionless base layer.
Since then, it has become the settlement layer for stablecoins, DeFi, tokenized assets, and more.
Here’s what it’s built—and what’s next:
2015–2025: Key Achievements:
• EVM & Solidity (2015): Programmable contracts, ERC-20, the ICO era
• Byzantium (2017): First major step towards PoS roadmap
• EIP-1559 (2021): Fee burn + deflation
• The Merge (2022): Proof-of-Stake, -99.99% energy use
• Shanghai (2023): Staking withdrawals, validator maturity
• Pectra (2025): Numerous improvements, L2 scalability
Scaling the Ethereum Economy:
• Dencun + EIP-4844 (2024): Proto-danksharding. Rollup data costs down 10–30×+.
• Rollups surpass L1 in volume (2025): The rollup-centric roadmap realized
• EigenLayer (2024): ETH restaking extends security to oracles, bridges, and more
• ETH ecosystem TPS grew from ~50 at the start of 2024 to over 200 today.
Real-World Assets Come On-Chain:
• Ethereum’s RWA value has grown from ~$1B at the start of 2023 to almost $10B today.
• BlackRock BUIDL:
$2.9B tokenized MMF on Ethereum
• JPM Onyx, Goldman, Fidelity:
Tokenizing deposits, MMFs, and bonds on EVM rails
Stablecoins are Ethereum’s killer app:
• $150B+ in total supply
• ~60% of all stablecoins reside on Ethereum and its L2s
Ethereum is the backbone for tokenized dollars.
What’s Still to Come:
• Full Danksharding: Sub-cent rollup costs at scale
• Single-Slot Finality (SSF): Finality in ~12s
• Enshrined Account Abstraction: Smart wallets, passkeys, session keys
• Statelessness: Light clients on mobile
• zkPrivacy: Selective disclosure
• Post-quantum signatures: Long-term resilience
Onboarding the World:
• Ethereum is building for global scale
• Cheap L2s + shared sequencers → 100k TPS
• BlackRock, JPM, and PayPal choose Ethereum for real-world finance
• EIP-4337 + attestations → self-custodied compliance
• Stateless clients → inclusion for the 1.4B unbanked
Ethereum is not a finished product. It's a continuously evolving ecosystem.
From credible neutrality to programmable finance, from NFTs to sovereign rollups—Ethereum is slowly becoming the settlement layer of civilization.
The next 10 years will bring:
• Sub-second, sub-cent transactions
• Tokenized markets on public rails
• Embedded compliance via smart wallets
• Shared security as infrastructure
• Billions of users self-custodying assets on phones
Etherealize is honored to be part of Ethereum’s journey.
We’ll spend the next decade helping institutions, nations, and everyday users enter the Ethereum economy—from Wall Street to the unbanked.
ETH is the settlement layer of the digital era.
Onward.
17/ growthepie releases some cool stats on Ethereum's 10th anniversary
🥧 Happy Birthday Ethereum
10 Years of data:
🔹 Over 2.9 Billion Transactions
🔸 Over 200 Million Addresses
🔹 Over $20 Billion in Revenue 🔍
Top Applications by gas fees:
🔹 $3B Uniswap
🔸 $1.3B Opensea
🔹 $1B Tether
🔸 $350M USDC
🔹 $340M Metamask (swap/bridge)
Top Layer 2s by rent paid to the L1
🔹 $95M Arbitrum One
🔸 $67M OP Mainnet
🔹 $55M ZKsync Era
🔸 $30M Linea
🔹 $27M Scroll
18/ Aya Miyaguchi shares some meaningful moments in her Ethereum journey
0/ Ethereum turns 10 today! 🎉
There’s so much to celebrate—but for me, it’s about the becoming of something improbable.
When it was born, I still remember a dev at my old job shrugging it off: “just another s***coin.”
Back then, it felt like a wild dream—and yes, it hit some big bumps early on.
10 years later? Safe to say he was very wrong.
19/ Bankless releases 10 Years, 10 Charts: Ethereum's Decade of Dominance
20/ The Defiant interviews Joseph Lubin to talk about the next decade for Ethereum
24/ Maria Shen releases data showing where Ethereum leads & why it's not slowing down
27/ Hsiao-Wei Wang reflects on Ethereum turning 10
28/ Preston Vanloon celebrates 10 years of Ethereum with 100% uptime
30/ Steve Jang reflects on first hearing about Vitalik and now producing the Ethereum documentary, Vitalik: An Ethereum Story
Today is the 10th anniversary of Ethereum.
I first heard about @VitalikButerin in 2014 from @naval on a walk. This "really smart russian kid building a world computer" if I'm remembering correctly. Sadly, I wasn't smart enough to invest in the ICO.
But I did get to back Coinbase, whose growth was largely enabled then by EVMs and now again with @base and @USDC. Ethereum inspired us to incubate or seed many great teams like @zora @bitski @dydx @goldfinch_fi in the ecosystem. Going deeper, I came to co-author an ERC standard, EIP-6551, with @bennygiang, and continue the exploration. Ethereum has enabled so many new product areas and behaviors: stablecoins, DeFi, NFTs, asset tokenization, etc and inspired even many new smart contract platforms.
A few years ago, @ljixie and @OptimistFilms asked me to be Executive Producer of a documentary about Vitalik and the Ethereum community. I jumped at the chance and it's been awesome to see the film tell the story about Vitalik's vision for a more fair and decentralized Internet to the mainstream audience. If you're curious about the beginnings of Ethereum, the film is available on most of the streaming platforms like AppleTV, Amazon, etc.
Happy 10th @ethereum!
32/ binji talks about how Ethereum has been life changing
34/ ECH Institute celebrates 10 Years of Ethereum
36/ Camila Russo celebrates Ethereum's 10th birthday in Times Square
🔔 Ethereum crowd ringing the closing bell at the Nasdaq for the chain’s 10th birthday!
The past 10 years have been about getting tradfi to use Ethereum rails and buy ETH, so this Nasdaq celebration is a great way to symbolize that.
The next 10 years will be about replacing those rails so that there actually is no closing bell.
Happy birthday Ethereum, it’s a privilege to cover the story of how you are remaking finance.

39/ William Mougayar highlights 29 Ethereum related institutional research reports for Ethereum's 10th anniversary
44/ Trent Vanepps celebrates 10 years of Ethereum
45/ SSV Network gives us a look back to celebrate everything that has been achieved together with Ethereum
46/ Christopher Perkins goes through how Ethereum is very well positioned to serve institutions
Today, we celebrate 10 years of Ethereum! With a market capitalization of over $450 billion, Ethereum is very well positioned to serve institutions, and its 10th birthday is a major unlock as blockchain institutionalization goes mainstream. Here’s why:
History: 10 years of history is a very meaningful milestone for traditional institutions. In traditional finance, regulator-approved risk models often require 10 years of historical data. Ethereum now has 10 years of history without outages, and $ETH has 10 years of historical pricing data. No exceptions needed; it just fits.
Modularity: The modularity offered through Ethereum and its layer-2 roadmap offers customization and controls that many institutions will demand. Institutions can customize and optimize infrastructure for specific applications or use cases--while still benefitting from the security of Ethereum’s ~1mm validators.
Yield: The Ethereum ecosystem offers an organic and compelling real yield (e.g. CESR: that can power next generation fixed income products and services. In time, its yield and yield curve could power trillions in financial products. Digital Asset Treasury (DATs) companies are embracing this yield to grow their mNAVs. This is the frontier of convergence.
So, happy birthday Ethereum!🎂

49/ Viktor Bunin goes through his Ethereum journey
Ethereum gave me the wonderful life I have today.
I met my wife @lisacuesta at a book signing that wouldn’t have been written if Ethereum didn’t exist. My first full-time crypto job was at @Consensys as Joe bled out money to hire the best talent and support the Ethereum ecosystem. I joined Bison Trails because I was one of the lead organizers for @EthereumDenver that year and someone I met connected me to the CEO. There are so many stories, but today I’ll tell my favorite one: how I built my first and last Ethereum miner.
My high school friend and now teammate at Coinbase @0xb17z was already into crypto and was instrumental in helping me learn. I wasn’t technical and really wanted to build an Ethereum miner from scratch to really understand how the pieces fit together.
In 2017/18 EVERYONE and their mothers were trying to do the same so GPUs were almost impossible to come by. We ended up scrounging up 6 Nvidia GTX 1070’s together over months as we waited for restocking and needed friends to go buy in our stead because they only let people buy one per month.
At one point we had everything hooked up, but the damn thing just wouldn’t connect to the wifi. We tried for weeks to get it to work; updated all the drivers, chased down every potential issue, and checked every last hardware installation guide. As we were about to give up, I checked the motherboard website to see its spec. THE DAMN THING DIDN’T HAVE WIFI. We connected an Ethernet cable and it worked immediately.
As I quickly learned, these things are HOT and LOUD. I was living with my mom at the time while working at EY and as soon as I moved out she turned it off, shoved it in the closet, and there it sat for over a year until we sold it for parts. In total I spent $5k+ to mine like 1.2 ETH so as soon as ETH hits $5k I’ll finally break even.
For the photos:
1. We didn’t know how much wattage my room could handle and if it could support the 6 GPUs. We also didn’t have the expensive tool to measure it. So another friend and I went to Costco, bought a bunch of irons, and turned them on one at a time to see when the fuse would blow. Thankfully Costco is generous with their return policy.
2. The motherboard in question.
3. Ben helped sell all the parts, but held on to one of the GPUs for me. He might have just been lazy, but I choose to believe he did it intentionally kek. It’s the first thing I’ve ever framed and it hangs in my office as a reminder of how I got my start and what I’m doing here. It says "Keeping Ethereum decentralized since 2017" - words I still live by today.
When I joined crypto in 2017 I felt so very late. I imagine it’s how many people are feeling today. But now 8 years later I look back and realize I’ve been around for 80% of Ethereum’s life. I hope the newcomers to the industry realize that Ethereum is just getting started and as amazing as it is to celebrate its 10 year anniversary, I hope they look ahead and realize that there are many decades, and even centuries, to go. We’re all still very, very early and there’s a lot of work to be done to bring the world onchain.



It’s incredible what Ethereum has accomplished in only 10 years
From a whitepaper, to a global unstoppable force powering DeFi, NFTs, L2s, DAOs, and a new internet economy
It’s survived hacks, FUD, regulatory pressure, “Ethereum killers”and still came out stronger
The next 10 years?
Ethereum won’t just change the world, it will become the foundation of it
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